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Soundproofing and the noise problem

The problem of noise in TV and/or music studios, gyms, and industry can easily be solved today with the help of modern materials. The construction industry has enabled us to prevent the transmission of sound from one room to another. In the construction industry, we call it soundproofing, and we can make a rough division like this: insulation from impact noise and insulation from spatial noise.

We can reduce the sound with several basic approaches:

  • by increasing the distance between the source and the receiver
  • using barriers that absorb the energy of sound waves
  • we can use damping structures such as sound barriers

Soundproofing is possible present in 5 principles:

  • The principle of mass
  • The principle of isolation
  • The principle of absorption
  • The principle of resonance
  • The principle of sound conduction

The principle of mass

This principle involves the following: a barrier will be the less susceptible to the effect of a sound disturbance the heavier that barrier is, or more precisely, the larger mass it has. Simply put, the heavier a wall is, the harder it is to make it vibrate. However, in order for this principle to be useful, it has to be applicable, which is very difficult to achieve even in theoretical conditions, as it requires a significant increase of the obstacle’s mass to obtain a visible effect in sound insulation. So, this principle could be useful where the problem of noise is related to obstacles with a small mass.

The principle of isolation

The isolation principle is not universal and depends on the frequency. With this principle, soundproofing implies the creation of an air pocket between two layers of the barrier. By creating as little physical connection as possible between the two layers, noise insulation will have a better effect. In situations where elastic materials (mineral wool, Styrofoam, etc.) are inserted between the obstacles, i.e. absorbers, a double partition is formed between the obstacles. This results in attenuation of the sound as it first passes through the air pocket, and then additional sound reduction occurs when the sound encounters the added insulation i.e. absorbers.


The principle of absorption

A total sound insulation can be achieved by application of the most widespread and best known rule – absorption. Absorptive materials (mineral wool, Styrofoam etc.) have the power to absorb part of the sound preventing it from being transmitted further. However, at very low frequencies, the exclusive use of absorptive materials does not make much sense. But, when absorptive materials are combined with the other elements, following the rules of soundproofing, we can expect an adequate result, which is a reduction in the strength of the transmitted sound.

The principle of resonance

In situations when the resonant frequency increases, the entire system with its own additional mass, absorbers, air pockets and other elements, will start vibrating, thus transferring the sound to the adjacent room. However, reducing the noise may increase the resonance of the system. Therefore, what can be considered the golden rule of soundproofing is the rule according to which the lower the frequency is, the better!
Why?
When the system starts resonating at a certain frequency, the sound starts to be transmitted to other rooms.
There are two basic methods for solving the resonance problem:

  • Installation of an appropriate elastic material that will dampen the oscillation amplitude and absorb the sound volume
  • Displacement of the resonant point – if we achieve a proper combination of the previous rules, the resonant frequency can be reduced in that way

Principle of sound conduction

The sound is transmitted by vibrations through the partition elements: ceiling, floor, walls, doors, windows… It is achieved by a transmission of longitudinal waves through those particular parts of a house or building. What we are talking about here is an indirect transmission of sound through the construction elements, which dare not directly connected with the partition element.
The quality of a sound insulation will depend on the condition of the worst link in this particular chain. Inserting a partition wall often does not achieve a satisfactory result. But if we block the channels through which the sound spreads (by transmitting it through the ceiling or the floor), or if we decide to add a mechanical obstacle and/or an oscillation damper, the situation can improve significantly.

What objects are commonly soundproofed?
Those are usually TV studios, music studios, industrial halls, business buildings, residential buildings, gyms.

Soundproofing and the most common materials used

The very mission of the SSA Pana company is high-quality and long-lasting soundproofing, which will easily and quickly provide the best solution for the specific problems of our clients.

One of the most commonly available materials in the world, which can be successfully used in most soundproofing projects, is – insulating foam. In addition to our belief that foam can provide the best results when insulating walls, ceilings or floors, we prefer to use foam for the following reasons:

  • installation of insulating foam is quick and easy (mechanical fastening or gluing)
  • the insulating foam for soundproofing can be removed or replaced very easily
  • insulating foam fits into the tightest budgets for soundproofing
  • foam on our market already has an unlimited commercial use, and is often used for soundproofing of residential buildings
  • insulating foam is an ideal solution for insulating industrial buildings where loud machines and engines are located
  • foam withstands extremely high and low temperatures
  • insulating foam belongs to materials that are environmentally acceptable

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